What are the advantages of composite spun fibers
source:
www.odigo.com.cn | Release time:2025-07-29
Composite spun fibers are fibers made by special spinning processes (such as composite spinning machines) from two or more polymers with different properties. The fibers exhibit a distribution structure of two or more components (such as skin core type, parallel type, sea island type, etc.) inside or on the surface. This structural design combines the advantages of multiple materials, with performance far superior to single component fibers. The specific advantages are as follows:
1、 Functional combination, balancing multiple performance aspects
Composite spun fibers can combine the advantages of different polymers and compensate for the shortcomings of a single material through component matching
Leather core structure: for example, "polyester (skin layer)+nylon (core layer)", the skin layer endows the fibers with wear resistance and washability, while the core layer provides elasticity and toughness, suitable for making socks, sportswear, etc; Polyethylene (skin layer, hydrophilic)+polypropylene (core layer, high-strength) can balance water absorption and load-bearing, and is used in sanitary products.
Parallel structure: The two components have different thermal shrinkage rates, and the fibers will curl after post-treatment. For example, "polyester+nylon" parallel fibers can obtain fluffy elasticity without chemical treatment, and are commonly used in wool like fabrics with a hand feel similar to wool and less prone to pilling.
Island structure: In "island type composite fibers", the "island" phase is ultrafine fibers (such as polyester), and the "sea" phase is soluble polymers (such as polyvinyl alcohol). After dissolution, ultrafine fibers with a diameter of only 0.1-1 microns can be obtained, which have strong moisture absorption and flexibility, suitable for fabrics, wiping cloths, etc.
2、 Improve the physical properties of the fabric
Combination of high strength and high elasticity: For example, the composite fiber of "polyester (high strength)+spandex (high elasticity)" is used to make fabrics that are both stretch resistant, wear-resistant, and have good resilience. They are widely used in sportswear and tight fitting clothes, which can fit the body well and are not easily deformed when worn.
Improving hand feel and fluffiness: Through the difference in shrinkage or structural design of different components, composite fibers can form natural curls or gaps, making the fabric more fluffy and soft, such as imitation down composite fibers, which have warmth similar to down and are not easily clumped.
Enhanced washability and stability: In some composite structures (such as skin core type), the skin layer is made of chemically and high-temperature resistant polymers (such as polyester), which can protect the core layer from detergent or high temperature damage, extend the service life of the fabric, and are suitable for frequently washed home textile products (such as bed sheets and towels).
3、 Highly functional and adaptable to special needs
Moisture absorption and sweat wicking: Through the structural design of "hydrophilic component+hydrophobic component" (such as "nylon (hydrophilic skin layer)+polyester (hydrophobic core layer)"), fibers can use capillary effect to quickly absorb sweat on the skin surface and conduct it to the fabric surface for evaporation, keeping the body surface dry. It is the core material of sportswear and outdoor clothing.
Antibacterial and deodorizing: If one component is a polymer containing antibacterial agents (such as polyester containing silver ions) and the other component is ordinary fibers, it can continuously exert antibacterial effects while ensuring fabric comfort, suitable for underwear, socks, medical textiles, etc.
Anti static and flame retardant: By combining anti-static polymers (such as polyethylene containing conductive particles) with flame retardant polymers (such as modified polyester), fibers with both anti-static and flame retardant functions can be made, which are used for special workwear such as mine work clothes and firefighting clothes.
4、 The effect of imitating natural fibers is more realistic
Composite spinning technology can accurately simulate the structure and properties of natural fibers, and overcome the defects of natural fibers:
Imitation cotton: Through the combination of cellulose (hydrophilic) and polyester (shape preserving), the fabric has both the softness and moisture absorption of cotton and the stiffness and wrinkle resistance of polyester, solving the problem of easy wrinkling and shrinkage of pure cotton.
Imitation wool: By utilizing the curling characteristics of parallel structures and the gloss differences of different components, composite fibers can simulate the fluffiness, elasticity, and gloss of wool, and are more resistant to insect infestation and easy to care for than wool. They are commonly used in suits and blankets.
Imitation silk: "Polyester (high-strength)+Nylon (soft luster)" composite fiber, can present the smooth hand feel and soft luster of real silk, while having higher strength and being less prone to snagging, suitable for dresses, shirts, etc.
5、 Flexible craftsmanship and customizable design
The composition, structure, and proportion of composite spun fibers can be adjusted according to demand to achieve high customization:
Changing the ratio of two polymers (such as 7:3, 5:5) can adjust the strength, elasticity, water absorption, etc. of the fibers;
Choosing different cross-sectional structures (such as trilobite and star shaped composites) can increase the fiber surface area and improve moisture absorption and breathability performance;
By combining functional additives such as antibacterial agents and far-infrared particles, fibers can be endowed with special functions such as health and sun protection, meeting the needs of specific scenarios such as baby clothing and outdoor sun protection clothing.